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Showing posts with label Series. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Series. Show all posts

Writing for Conversions, Part 3 of 3 - Format

Wednesday, October 29, 2008 10/29/2008 04:48:00 PM

This is the final post in a three-part series on writing for conversions by Tim Ash, author of Landing Page Optimization. Tim is an industry expert in website optimization and his company, SiteTuners, is one of our Authorized Consultants.

In two previous posts, I examined the structure and tone of your writing as a way to increase conversions. In this blog post I will cover the remaining key element - format.

Format
Since people don’t read on the Internet the same way they read offline, the format of your writing should support their scanning behavior. Use the following guidelines to help you write scannable text:
  • Write in fragments or short sentences. Don’t worry about grammatical correctness if you have made yourself clear.

  • Use digits instead of words to write out numbers (e.g. “47” instead of “forty seven”)

  • Highlight important information-carrying words. Don't highlight entire sentences, stick to 2- or 3-word phrases.

  • Use clear, emphasized titles for page headings and important subheads.

  • Use ordinary language (avoid industry jargon and acronyms that are not widely understood).

  • Use active voice and action verbs.

  • Use bullet lists instead of paragraphs.

  • Do not use more than 2 levels for lists or headings.

  • Use descriptive link text that describes the information on the linked page.

  • Use supporting links to present supplemental information and use “see also” for cross-referenced information.
If you review your website and landing pages with a critical eye and faithfully implement the recommendations above, I can guarantee that you will make a better and more persuasive connection with your visitors. This, in turn, should make your cash register ring more often.

We'd like to thank Tim for putting together this series. If there's a topic you'd like to see us cover, please shoot us an email.

Writing for Conversions, Part 2 of 3 - Tone

Thursday, October 16, 2008 10/16/2008 04:18:00 PM


This is the second post in a three-part series on writing for conversions by Tim Ash, author of Landing Page Optimization. Tim is an industry expert in website optimization and his company, SiteTuners, is one of our Authorized Consultants.
 
The reality for most Internet surfers is that they're subjected to a barrage of promotional messages and advertising. As a basic defense mechanism, they've learned to tune out most hype.

Perhaps you do have to be somewhat crass to get them to your landing page. For whatever reason, they have ended up there. But you should now stop screaming at your visitors. You're no longer (for the moment) competing for their attention with other websites. So you need to change the focus to the task they're trying to accomplish.
 
Your visitors detest marketese. Unfortunately, your landing page was probably written in this kind of over-the-top promotional style. It usually involves a lot of boasting and unsubstantiated claims. If your company is the “world’s leading provider” of something, you're in good company. A recent search on Google turned up 8.58 million matching results for this phrase. Your claims are probably not true anyway, but even if they are you can use different language to make your point.
 
Marketese may be (barely) acceptable in your press releases when you're trying to puff up your company and accomplishments. But on your landing page it spells disaster. Marketese requires work on the part of your visitor. It saps their energy and attention, and forces them to spend time separating the content from the fluff. It also results in much longer word counts. You're missing an enormous opportunity by not creating a hype-free zone on your landing page. 

How to Avoid Writing in “Marketese” 
  • Don't use adjectives. 
  • Provide only objective information.
  • Focus on the needs of your audience. 
Save your visitors the aggravation and tell them only what they want to hear. Your editorial tone should have the following attributes:
 
Factual
Writing factually will take a little work. It's difficult to stop making subjective statements. You may catch yourself lapsing into marketese at unexpected moments. But stick with it. You'll be amazed at how much more effective your writing is. Remember, your visitor is not looking to be entertained, and certainly not to be marketed to. They're there to deal with a specific need or problem. The best kind of information you can give them is objective.
 
Task-oriented
Task-oriented writing is focused on the roles, tasks, and AIDA steps that are required to move your visitors through the conversion action. You should organize your text in the order that the visitor is likely to need it. For example, a big-ticket consumer product site might lay out the following high-level steps for the buying process: research, compare, customize, purchase. When you've thought about how to guide the right people (roles) through the right activities (tasks) in the correct order (AIDA) with your landing page, it should be clear where the gaps are.
 
Precise
Be clear in web writing. The audience can be very diverse and bring a variety of cultural backgrounds to their interpretation of your language. Be careful about your exact choice of words. Never try to be funny or clever. Avoid puns, metaphors, and colloquial expressions.
 
This is doubly true for link text or button text. Your visitors need to have a clear understanding of exactly what will happen when they click on something. Text links should describe the content on the target page. Unhelpful link labels such as “Click Here!” are a wasted opportunity to focus the visitor’s awareness on an important available option. Also, link text is used by search engines to help people find information.

If you use good link text, you'll be helping your own cause. Buttons should accurately describe the intended action. For example, many e-commerce sites mistakenly put “Buy It Now!” buttons next to products when the actual action is “Add to Cart.” Another common mistake is the “Order Now” label when you really mean “Proceed to Checkout.” This vagueness causes unnecessary stress and anxiety for visitors as they try to figure out the threat or opportunity your button presents. It's always best to remove the hesitation and assure them that taking the next step is a small and safe action.
 
Concise
Become a word miser. Ask yourself, “How can I make this even shorter? Do I really need to communicate this at all?” Brevity has several advantages. It increases absorption and recall of information. It shortens the time that visitors spend reading it—minimizing the likelihood of increased frustration and impatience. It supports the goals of inverted pyramid writing, and the scannable text requirements, which I'll describe next week.

We'll conclude this series next week with Part 3 - Format. See last week's post for ways to improve your writing structure.

Writing for Conversions - Part 1 of 3: Structure

Tuesday, October 07, 2008 10/07/2008 04:04:00 PM

This is the first post in a three-part series by Tim Ash, author of Landing Page Optimization. Tim is a thought leader in website optimization and his company, SiteTuners, is one of our Website Optimizer Authorized Consultants.

Our company routinely runs large scale landing page optimization tests to improve conversion rates. One of the most common components that we test is the sales copy on the page. We have found that changing your approach to writing can often lead to a double-digit increase in conversion rates.

Most of the adaptations that you need to make to your writing have a single purpose: to reduce the visitor’s cognitive load. Instead of being forced to pay attention to how the information is presented, they can devote more focus to getting their intended task accomplished. By getting out of their way, you empower them to be faster, more efficient, and effective. This will lead to higher conversion rates for you, and higher satisfaction for them.

To increase the odds of a favorable outcome you need to consider the following areas of your writing:
  • Structure
  • Tone
  • Format
In this blog post I will examine the first. The other two will be covered in subsequent posts.

Structure
The preferred structure for most Web writing is the inverted pyramid. It uses the principle of primacy (ordering) to control saliency (importance). In this style of writing, you put your conclusions and key points first. Less important and supporting information should be placed last. This is critical since most readers will choose not to read very far.

Most of this is probably not earth-shaking insight in the world of newspaper writing. Newspaper editors have a similar audience makeup: casual visitors who scan for information that competes for their attention, and consider the source as a transient and disposable resource. Because of this they have developed a very similar model. Headline size and prominent positioning indicate the importance of articles. The lead paragraph summarizes the whole story, and supporting detail is buried further down (or by following links to other pages).

Get to the point and let them decide if your content is relevant enough for them to stick around. By writing in this way you maximize the chances that they will come away with the information that you consider most valuable. The same structure should be used for creating online audio or video clips for your site.

Remember that the visitor may have arrived from any number of different inbound links and may not have a lot of context about your page. Use clear and prominent page titles to tell them why each page is important.

Make sure that you only have one main idea per paragraph. If you bury a second idea lower in a block of text, it will probably be missed as the reader jumps down to scan the lead-in text of the subsequent paragraph.

The inverted pyramid approach should be used when creating bullet lists or lists of navigational links—put the important ones on top.

Keep your pages short. This will allow them to be digested in small, bite-sized chunks that correspond to a Web user’s attention span. There is evidence to show that significantly shorter text results in higher retention and recall of information, and is more likely to lead to conversion actions. Your page should only contain important information for its topic and level of detail. You can move longer supporting text to other pages, and create links for the dedicated reader.

However, we have run across an occasional exception to the shorter-is-better guideline. Some single-product consumer websites have very long direct response pitch letters that outperform significantly shorter alternatives. They draw the reader in and encourage them to spend a lot of time on the page. After a certain point the visitor’s attention investment gets high enough to build momentum toward the conversion action. This is not to say that long sales letter pages cannot be made better. There is definitely a lot of bloat and deadwood on the ones that we routinely test and improve.

Look out for parts 2 and 3 of Tim's series over the next two weeks.